The Simple Gift

Why is belonging significant to each and every one of us? What benefits does belonging impart for the individual? The real question is what is belonging? Belonging is a sense of acceptance felt when an individual gains an understanding of themselves in relation to others and the wider world. Sense of acceptance can be experience through time and different types of relationships or connections with their family, friends, and community, which may enhance the ability to belong or feel as though they belong.Good morning teachers and my fellow students, today, I am going to discuss with you my interpretation of acceptance in the environment of the individual and how it has been represented through the two significant texts including, free verse book The Simple Gift by Steven Herrick and wordless picture book The Arrival by Shaun Tan. Each one of these texts’ discusses and portrays the idea of being accepted or not being accepted in the environment through different circumstances bu t in a similar way.The first text is The Simple Gift by Steven Herrick which examines the life of a 16-years-old boy called Billy Luckett, who ran away from home because of the sense of isolation which shapes his identity and value. In ‘longlands road’ the imagery of the dilapidated house portray the sense of denial that Billy has experienced in past. The disconnect relationship between the place and his father, led Billy to move away from his environment to gain the sense of connection he never experienced.The isolation caused by an abusive father is seen in quote ‘‘gave me one hard backhander across the face, so hard I fell down†¦ and slammed the door on my sporting childhood. † pg. 15-16’. The technique that is used here is a metaphor explaining how Billy stopped playing sport. Billy journey of alienation ends when he moves and meets an old alcoholic man called Bill and a rich caring 17-year-old girl called Caitlin. Billy felt a physical and emotional sense of belonging to his new environment in the way its more welcoming and friendly then his hometown.Even though Billy does not belong physically, he feels he belongs emotionally because he’s away from his dad’s merciless treatment and he feels safe. The sense of acceptance of Bendarat can be seen in the quote â€Å"Bendarat is the perfect town† and this portrays that even though it’s not a perfect town but Billy sees it as a faultless town due to the connection that this town his provide Billy though old Billy and Caitlin. When Old Billy gives the key to house and Billy are not homeless boy that is not accepted but a boy that has a family and is secure.At the end of the book Belonging reaches beyond boundaries ‘and I looked up into the sky, the deep blue sky that Old Bill and I shared. ’(p. 205). This quote demonstrates the technique of symbolism the start of new journey of acceptance that comes from the connections that the individual gains through their relation with place, family or time. The second text that I have selected to portray ideas understanding and importance of belonging is The Arrival by Shaun Tan. Similar to the Simple Gift the migrant character in The Arrival leaves sense of isolation to look for and environment that would accept him.The story is told as a series of wordless images that might seem to come from a long forgotten time. Nameless man leaves his wife and child in an impoverished town that was destroyed because of the war. The man travels to an unknown country seeking better prospects for him and his family. This is seen when the visual techniques represent the family coming together. The most significant technique used on every single page of the book that lets the responder not only be in the characters shoes, but also contemplate what it would be like to be in a migrants situation, is the lack of words.This lack of words helps the responder contemplate the alienation felt by not only the character but by all migrants entering a foreign land and culture with a completely different language. Other than the responders’ contemplation of the alienation felt by the character and migrants, it also forces the responder to interpret the visual without the guidance that only words can provide finally the joy shown by the protagonist s daughter in the final chapter of the book shows the safety that has been resulted.The Simple Gift and the Arrival are similar in the way both of the main characters left their homes to look for a place that will provide them the acceptance and the belongings they need. Both of the characters environments did not provide these individual with the sense of fellowship. In The Arrival the man travels and leaves his wife and daughter to look for a better life for them in a new town.He was not force to leave but chose to leave to search for a better life for him and his family, even though he was accepted in that place but the circumstances of the war led to his movement. Much like the Simple Gift, Billy left his town for a better life away from his abusive and unaccepted father again he was not forced to leave but chose to look for a place that acknowledged him. Billy did not associate with his family or town but in The Arrival the man belonged but chose to leave for a better existence. Both characters went to search for a better and acceptance life.When Billy left he did not care about his father because he was the reason Billy left to find acceptance in the new experience where as the character in The Arrival was accepted in the town but chose to leave because of what the trouble and obstacles that the war produced. Family was a big part of the character life in the arrival where as in the simple gift Billy’s real family had no part in his life. In both texts the characters did belong in their first towns but in the simple Gift Billy chose not to belong where as in the arrival the character chos e to belong.This shows that the barrier to belonging is linked to the action of the individual interacting to the community and place to gain the feeling of acceptance. Lastly status had played a role in the movement of the both character, this is seen when the nameless man and Billy left because the poor conditions they lived in. Both books have similar technique in the way they both portray the symbolism of new journey of acceptance. In conclusion belonging is a lifelong requirement for the individual.Although how and where we experience a sense of kinship can change, but it remains a key contributor to our wellbeing and participation throughout our lives. Our sense of association can emerge from the connections we make with people, places, culture and groups. The Simple Gift and the arrival portray a clear understand of the importance and significance of belonging. Each character wants to feel belonged and they go and look for belonging. This shows that belonging is imperative in each and every one of us for our wellbeing.

Major Informative Speech

There are many controversial topics we can spend hours talking about and have deferent points of view on. My favorite one is the one that argues If under aged kids should be tried as adults or not. This topic has so many different points of views that there will never be an exact answer on If children should be tried as adults or not. This topic Is very Interesting because every case Is different, meaning that because there are different variables that led kids to get In trouble we can never say that all kids should be treated as adults because their level of crime is ever the same.Viewing each case as its own is the only way that someone can decide on whether or not they can be seen as kids or adults, I don't think this topic should be generalized into a yes or no. Of course, everybody has different views on things and in these next few paragraphs I will take into consideration different people's opinions as well as why some people think this should be a firm yes or no. BODY 1) Hist ory and Definitions: a) It Is estimated that as many as 250,000 youth annually are prosecuted as adults. (â€Å"Juvenile Law Center. † Youth In the Adult System.Campaign for Youth Justice, Jan. 2013. Web. 07 Cot. 2014. ) I) It is known that the youth that go into adult jails are five times more likely to be raped and mistreated by others in those jails. B) Fourteen states have no minimum age for trying children as adults. Children as young as eight have been prosecuted as adults. (Areola, Jorge N. â€Å"Children in Prison. † Equal Justice Initiative. N. P. , 27 Seep. 2013. Web. 01 Cot. 2014. ) c) An adult sentence is where a young person under the age of 18 is found guilty of an indictable offence for which n adult is liable to imprisonment.TRANSITION: The law has certain requirements children under the age of eighteen must reach In order to be tried as an adult. 2) Major arguments in favor of children getting tried as adults a) As you grow up you know what is right an d wrong because in most homes there are rules and if there isn't there are rules at school. Children know that it is not okay to hit someone in school because they will not go out to recess if they do so. Having some sort of punishment teaches kids that there are certain things that are not acceptable at any mime. Children know when they are doing something wrong. If a 14 year old shoots someone, they should be in prison. If they kill someone, they should be tried as an adult. You don't need to be 18 to understand the results of ending a human life. [Page, Arians P. â€Å"Should Children Be Tried as Adults? † The Premier Online Debate Website. N. P. , 04 Jan. 2014. Web. 03 Cot. 2014. ]) b) When a child is not tried as an adult on a crime that Is most likely to be done by an adult, they will think that because they were cut off on the punishment It will most likely happen again and hey will do it again. Our youth today need to learn that it is not okay to commit teach them too many things that later in life turn into reality and that is when we regret letting them get away with so many things. [North, Anon. â€Å"Once a Criminal Always a Criminal. † By Boxcar. N. P. , 28 June 2011. Web. 03 Cot. 2014. ]) c) Children not being charged when a crime is committed will later think they have gotten away with their crime. This leads the law to charge them even if that means treating them as adults. Making a punishment for them let's them know that no matter what age here will be consequences to their actions. In the case of homicide, â€Å"my choice is either to charge him as an adult, or don't charge him,† said John Bonging of the Lawrence County District Attorney's Office. â€Å"Not charging him at all wasn't feasible. † [Chin, Stephanie. CNN. Cable News Network, 15 Mar. 2010. Web. 05 Cot. 2014. ]) TRANSITION: The points Eve made my research on show the lessons kids will get from their crimes that have gone too far to what their brain shou ld even be thinking of at such a young age. I think this also shows other kids how bad their punishments can e if they ever think of doing anything like that.

Lion of the Desert

Lion of the Desert Reflection Rebellion spearhead as well as a teacher, Omar Mukhtar was a clear leader. During the brief peace talk in â€Å"Lion of the Desert,† the first demand Mukhtar wanted for his people were Muslim schools. Other requirements for peace that were requested were national protection, national parliament, and return of the lands taken from the people of Libya. Mukhtar was first a teacher, when reading, reflecting or teaching he wore his glasses. Mukhtar balanced them gently on his finger, when speaking to a class of young boys, illustrating importance of balance within the Koran.A young boy whose father was killed while fighting, clumsily puts on Omar’s glasses, it is consoling for the boy as Omar seeks a role model and new hope for him. After the father dies, the guidance of Omar shows the importance of a male influence in the boy’s life and within Islam. At the moment Muhktar picked up a gun, he transformed into the leader of the rebellion. In acts of insurgence Omar was guided by his religion and teaching. After a small victory, the men took the flag from the caravan and presented it to Omar as a trophy.Mukhtar simply responded, â€Å"They are not our teachers, he is a boy, tell your general†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and he returns the flag to the surviving Italian soldier and sends him back, as opposed to killing him. In contrast, on the scene of General Graziani’s victory, he has sand goggles on as well as wearing a flag as a cape. He is then presented with a flag raising ceremony to declare their dominance of the area. When ambushed by a gas attack Mukhtar loses his glasses, just as his comrades have fallen dying or injured. Shortly after, Graziani constructs a massive barbed wire fence to block the rebels from supplies and refuge.Muhktar then says, â€Å"What is wire to the will of God? † guiding his forces on principle and the teachings of the Koran. The nationalist rebellion also adheres to their religion whe n tying their legs to remain in the face of an attack. Islamist teaching includes the concept of jihad or self-sacrifice for the sake of the cause. Their tied leg prevented the men from retreating or running away. In the end, when Graziani offers to release Muhktar if he were to relinquish his rebellion and beliefs, Muhktar refuses.He lays down his life in order to protect his convictions. His glasses were returned to him by Graziani and Muhltar puts them on to read a passage from the Koran, moments before his hanging. As Omar drops from the gallow, his glasses drop from his clenched hand. They are retrieved by the young boy that had earlier put them. Illustrating the assertion made by Muhktar to Graziani, that the rebellion against the Italian’s would continue and as each man is killed the younger generation will rise to fill their place.

Research Paper about International Students Study in America Essay

Research Paper about International Students Study in America - Essay Example The salient features of the story, â€Å"How It Feels to be Colored Me,† reveal broadly what must have been transpired in the mind of Hurston, when she was discriminated by the society on account of the color of her skin. In her childhood in Eatonville, Florida, she had no color problems. She sang, danced in the streets and greeted neighbors like any other child, and mingled freely without any feelings of alienation. She had no imagination about the magnitude of differences that suddenly cropped up when she lost her mother, when she was just thirteen and left home for attending a boarding school in Jacksonville. The transformation of her being as â€Å"colored† was immediate. Racism is a life-long insult to the dignity of the blacks and it requires immense courage to challenge it. The important aspect of the story is the period to which it belonged, that was challenging to the life and existence of blacks. It was published in â€Å"The World Tomorrow,† in the May 1928’s edition. The ideology of racial segregation dominated the social and cultural life of America. Challenge to black pride prevailed in every segment. In such a turbulent era, Hurston’s pen did the job of presenting before the public a stinging message to challenge the societal mindset. In the final analysis of the issues related to colored people Hurston concludes by asserting that â€Å"the Great Stuffer of Bags, the Creator, may have fashioned people in this way from the very beginning† (Hurston). The Colored Issue Today in Its Broad Perspective Read this revealing passage: â€Å"Someone is always at my elbow reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves. It fails to register depression with me. Slavery is sixty years in the past. The operation was successful and the patient is doing well, thank you. The terrible struggle that made me an American out of a potential slave said "On the line!† The Reconstruction said "Get set!† and the gen eration before said "Go!† I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the stretch to look behind and weep† ( Hurston). For colored people of any genre, and for the student population in particular, the above summing up, should serve as the guiding principle for any contingencies. An international student in the social circumstances prevailing in America today lives in a favorable time, as compared to the year 1928. The materialistic civilization, the internet revolution and globalization have contributed a lot to dilute the impact of discrimination on the basis of color. At the level of the individual some people may still deal with reservations towards the colored people for their own reasons. But legally, the colored students are fully protected and have legal remedies if racial bias is practiced against them. View the colored issue from the spiritual angle. The solution becomes much easier. Hurston argues, â€Å"I have no separate feeling about being an America n citizen and colored. I am merely a fragment of the Great Soul that surges within the boundaries. My country, right or wrong† (Hurston). The intensity of the anguish for discrimination on

Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Research Proposal - Essay Example ation to the final stages of higher education, is an overwhelming concern, the articulation of a philosophy of education which addresses the defined imperatives is a valuable undertaking. It shall function as the primary concern and objective of the proposed dissertation. The vale of the proposed topic derives from the very nature of global demands upon the educational system. Given the ever-increasing crime rate and the growing proliferation of professional practitioners’ violations of their espoused code of ethics, it is imperative to address the problem at its roots (Sarfatti-Larson, 1976; Hunter, 2003; Masschelein, 2003; Carr and Stuetel, 1999; Winch, 2004). These roots, as Carr and Stuetel (1999) contend, exist at the primary education level. Hence, resolving the problem of amorality inextricably linked to the implementation of a moral philosophy of education (Sarfatti-Larson, 1976; Hunter, 2003; Masschelein, 2003; Carr and Stuetel, 1999; Winch, 2004). As such, it is possible to express the importance of the topic as deriving from the problems of escalating crime rates and increased amorality across professions, practices and activities and the role that the educational system should play in its resolution, not to mention the responsibili ty that it has to do so. The theoretical dimensions of the problem shall be discussed against the background of variant philosophies of education in an effort to assess which may be best suited for the design of a school curriculum which would contribute to the resolution of the mentioned problem. While the proposed study shall draw on various examples of countries/educational districts which have implemented a moral philosophy of education, the research shall limit itself to the study of the situation within the United Kingdom and shall concentrate on the primary level of education. 2. To clarify the extent to which the educational system, historically and theoretically, has a responsibility towards the

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

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Business case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business case study - Essay Example claims that he fully intended to repay the club their money upon the sale of his next book and that the students were foolish to think that he was allowed to set up their account and not have access to it. Reasons: The law does not usually care what you intended to do after committing a crime. The law only cares whether there was an actus reus (an act) and a mens rea (intention). If you intend to commit a criminal act, you are guilty—whether or not you plan on paying back the money later, for example. B) Ann promises her nephew, Bert, that she will pay his college expenses for obtaining a Bachelor’s degree if he promises to give up his heavy smoking and heavy alcohol drinking habits. Bert agrees, totally giving up his smoking and drinking habits. He enters college and graduates with his Bachelor’s degree. At his clean and sober graduation party, Bert asks Ann to pay his college expenses as per their contract. He does boast that Ann was a fool since he was planning on giving up his smoking and drinking behavior anyhow. Ann claims she does not remember their agreement, but admits that even if she did make such an agreement, there was no valid consideration and thus no binding contract for her to pay. Bert sues her for his money. Reasons: For a contract to be valid, something must pass on both sides, either an action or a forebearance. Bert gives up his drinking and smoking, a forebearance that would qualify as consideration on his part. But Ann doesn’t do anything with regards to the contract. No consideration passes from to Bert. C) Thrifty Drug Stores purchases â€Å"Magic Window Wipes†. These are disposable towels that you take right out of the packet, wipe your dirty windows, and toss in the trash. They are supposed to make your windows squeaky clean. Over the next three months Thrifty Drug Stores sell about one third of their inventory of the wipes when the sales go completely flat. A manager of the stores asks former customers why they do not buy any

TECHNICAL REPORT WRITING Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

TECHNICAL REPORT WRITING - Assignment Example Lots of people use the internet to do their research but have never at one point thought of how this web browser operates. This web browser has been in the market and it has been competing harshly with internet explorer. Not every user of Mozilla web browsers achieves the full potential of its services. This report seeks to answer the question, ‘what is Mozilla Firefox and how has it been of help in our daily lives?’ How has end user documentation helped users of this web browser? Mozilla Firefox is used worldwide by scholars, scientists and everyone in general. From the basic uses such as to access an email address for accessing social sites. This means that it is a crucial link between humanity and the internet world. Without web browsers such as Mozilla Firefox, accessing the internet would not be possible. The main objective of this research is to understand Mozilla Firefox better, and the role it plays in the lives of individuals. Consultations with the advisor through email were a key factor in determining the research area. Having internet access is a prerequisite to accessing emails. Email consultations were the backbone of research topic and the research writing was influenced by the ignorance among users of Mozilla Firefox on how they blindly use this service. This explains the need for end user documentation on Mozilla

Staff Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Staff Motivation - Essay Example The organization and the group’s primary objective is to help employees transition towards a better career and to help individuals with their talent. The group also aims to target organizations through better talent hunting and management programs. The problem at hand with the group is that outplacement has become more of a commodity as a result of which price in the industry is being cut and the group is losing business to its peers in the ensuing fierce competition. With several players in the market, margins have reduced significantly and thus the service offerings by the group are not earning enough revenues for the organization. The primary aim of the organization is now to earn a significant revenue stream that will help boost its share price. The company has set up a benchmark to improve its share prices from 31.5p currently to ?2 in the future. With this aim, the management will need to earn about ?20 million in revenues and about ?4 million in profit. The management i s also of the view that despite the state of the economy, the business is well placed and thus can earn this stream of revenues. The paper aims to evaluate the various options that the management has along with developing a theoretical framework that will help in deciding the plan of action that the management should undertake in order to boost its revenue stream. A diagnostic as well as change model will also be presented that will help the organization towards improved revenues. Literature Review Human resource management is one of the key support functions within an organization and helps leverage the organization’s performance through the usage of human resources. Some of the key areas within the realms of human resource management include hiring, promotions, appraisals, training, placement and talent management, along with coaching and outplacement of employees. Human resource management is now critically integrated with organizational learning as well as strategic manag ement making it one of key fields that organizations should focus on for better results. The key human resource problems that are part of today’s economy include globalization where diversity has various ranges and a spectrum that is difficult to define. (Papalexandrisa, 1996; Boxall, 1996; Garavan, Costine and Heraty, 1995; Garavan, Heraty and Barnicle, 1999; Becker and Huselid, 1999; Stewart, Marhine and Hall, 1999; Stewart, 1996; Garavan, 1991; Gilley and Eggland, 1992) Other issues include problems with finding the right talent with respect to the job description and the creation of various jobs with descriptions that are difficult to fill up due to their technical nature. Retention is also one of the key areas where human resource management is important and where organizations need to be focused on. Retaining employees is one of the cheaper alternatives to hiring another resource where hiring takes long hours and resources to actually fulfil. One of key ways through whi ch human resource management consultancies help includes helping find the right resources towards the jobs that need to be filled by organizations, along with helping in training these employees, equipping them with the tools and techniques on getting the work done

Meditech surgurical case study Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Meditech surgurical case study - Term Paper Example From all indications, it is clear that Meditech used cost-effective supply chain instead of using a responsive supply chain as it would have more useful when it comes to high innovative products considerations. The supply chain used by the company was customer service oriented and hence the delay. The company has also been facing problems in poor service quality due to strain in its production capacity. The strain in its production capacity made the company experience constant shortage in the introduction of new improved products. It also had problems with high finished goods inventory. It is important for the company to plan on the introduction of a new cycle through the three phases of manufacturing and this should be done two months before the products is marketed to avoid any shortages in the market (Leeman, 150). a. The introduction of new products in Meditech Surgical were totally unplanned for and was done without properly strategizing on it supply chain and production schedules. This was the reason why the arrival of net order in the company was more than its finished goods (FG) inventory. Lack of proper strategies in the introduction of new products led to underestimated productions hence delayed delivery of orders. b. Faulty forecasting and mechanical techniques in the company resulted into a wrong prediction which then resulted in faulty targets (Leeman, 150). The company has had a poor ability to forecast the demand for its new products which then led to underestimation in the new product production. c. Finished goods inventory in the company is almost 40% above the desired levels. High level of finished goods inventory is a clear indication that the goods are not moving in the required rate and that customer orders are not being processed within the stipulated time. d. Meditech Surgical has long organizational structure

Code of Ethics Essay Example for Free

Code of Ethics Essay The primary purpose of a code of ethics is to safeguard the welfare of clients by providing what is in their best interest. It is also designed to safeguard the public and to guide professionals in their work so that they can provide the best service possible. All professional counselors are obligated to perform by a code of ethics. The American Counseling Association (ACA) provides guidance in resolving moral problems that professionals may encounter, whereas Christian counselors not only abide by the ACA Code of Ethics but also by the American Association of Christian Counselors AACC code, which promotes excellence and brings unity to Christian counselors, and gives honor to Jesus Christ. This paper will address the broad similarities and differences between the two codes, as well as comparisons in the specific areas of Confidentiality, Sexual Intimacies and Discrimination. Codes of Ethics Comparison A code of ethics is a systematic statement of ethical standards that represent the moral convictions and guide the practice behavior of a group (Clinton and Ohlschlager, 2002). † With that in mind, every counseling discipline has an ethics code which is continuously revised and updated to stay current with emerging issue, and to promote elevated clarity and direction to the profession. Thus, the ACA and AACC codes of ethics were both created to assist their members to better serve their clients. They also define values and behavioral standards necessary for ethical counseling. Yet while they are similar in intent, they are distinct in their foundational premise. General Similarities and Differences Both codes stress the importance of â€Å"promoting the welfare of consumers, practicing within the scope of one’s competence, doing no harm to the client, protecting client’s confidentiality and privacy, acting ethically and responsibly, avoiding exploitation, and upholding the integrity of the profession by striving for aspirational practice †(Corey, p. 6). However, the biggest difference between the two codes rests in the streams of influence, whereas the AACC code is rooted in a biblical worldview. In other words, the primary goal of the AACC is â€Å"to bring honor to Jesus Christ and his church, promote excellence in Christian counseling and bring unity to Christian counselors† (AACC, 2004). However, the ACA’s goals are educational, scientific, and professional. It strives to enhance the quality of life in society by promoting the development of professional counselors, advancing the counseling profession, and using the profession and practice of counseling to promote respect for human dignity and diversity (ACA, 2005). The primary goal of the AACC is â€Å"to bring honor to Jesus Christ and is church, promote excellence in Christian counseling and bring unity to Christian counselors† (AACC, 2004) Specific Comparisons Both codes express a high priority on client confidentiality. Also, they express the value of discussing and securing written consent from the client. They also both discuss the importance of client disclosure in that protecting confidential communication is always the first response of the counselor. The counselor is mandated to disclose information in life threaten or abusive situations. However, the distinct difference between the AACC and the ACA is in the area of privileged communication. While both associations require that counselors do not disclose client information as it relates to training, research or publication, the AACC adds that â€Å"Christian counselors do not disclose confidential client communications in any supervisory, consultation, teaching, preaching, publishing, or other activity without written or other legal authorization by the client† (AACC, 2004). The ACA and the AACC codes differ greatly in the concept of sexual Intimacies. In fact, The ACA (2005) used the term â€Å"sexual or romantic interactions or relationship†. In other words The ACA (2005) does not forbid, but sets guidelines pertaining to any participation of sexual or romantic interaction with any current or formal clients for a period of 5 years following the last professional contact. However, the AACC declared that all forms of sexual interactions or relationships outside of marriage are unethical. The only exception to this rule is marriage, which the AACC (2004) declared as â€Å"honorable before God†. Thus, guidelines have been appropriated to allow for such a case. In addition, Christian counselors are also forbidden to counsel current or former sexual partners and or marital partners. (AACC, 2004 )Discrimination can result in serious problems for both the people that hold them and the people that they are prejudiced against. Both associations agree that non-discrimination is the best practice, for clients should not be denied service based on age, religion, sexual orientation etc. However, the AACC maintains its biblical perspective in that counselors are to encourage biblical principles. While Christian counselors must not discriminate, they also cannot condone certain practices that conflict with biblical principles. For instance, in the area of sexual orientation, Christian counselors will not deny service. However they will â€Å"encourage sexual celibacy or biblically prescribed sexual behavior while such issues are being addressed† (AACC, 2004). Conclusion There are many similarities and differences relating to the code of ethics for the American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC) and the American Counseling Association (ACA). Through these areas we realize that the code of ethics sets boundaries and regulations for all professional counselors and without them, counselors could not be effective or productive in their true calling.

Sugar Trade Essay Example for Free

Sugar Trade Essay â€Å"Give me some sugar!† When most people hear that phrase, it usually means someone wants a kiss. But in the late 1600s and early 1700s, people want to plant sugar. True, it started some 9000 years ago in New Guinea, but it took a while before the rest of the world caught on. During this time, there was a movement called the sugar trade. Although there were many forces driving the sugar trade, what mainly drove it were the ideal land masses for sugar production, the amount of slaves needed, and the demand for it. The first driving force behind the sugar trade was finding the perfect land to grow the plant. Jamaica and Barbados were under British rule in 1750 (Doc. 1), and they were the ones who discovered that the islands were well within the ideal climates for producing sugar because they were in the correct temperature climate, and had the perfect soil; the only off thing was the amount of rainfall they had was less than perfect amount. (Doc. 2) The encyclopedia tells us that the land that the British conquered than its own land and/or even England’s own land. Once a man had found the model land, he would state everything that he needs for his plantation, such as windmills, a boiling-house, the amount of slaves and animals, and all the other houses and shops. (Doc. 6) Belgrove demonstrated that owning a plantation was a big deal and one had to be absolutely sure on everything that was needed in order to have a fully-functioning plantation. Most plantations were owned by wealthy English families, instead of numerous people buying the land together. (Do. 7) It can be interpreted that Mintz said that the better was to get money was to own the whole thing by yourself. Men like Charles Long and John Gladstone owned large amounts of land and therefore became richer because of the amount of land they owned, amount of sugar they produced and the amount of slaves they had. (Doc. 7) Williams shows us that rich Englishmen liked getting richer and they used their plantations to attain this goal. The second driving force behind the sugar trade was the amount of slaves that were needed in order to produce these mass amounts of sugar. Men, and  women, and possibly children, were forced into the field to work or into the boiling-house. (Doc. 8) Clark and Bridgens illustrated that the British didn’t care what age or gender you were, you still went out and made sugar each and every day. Slaves didn’t come cheap though, at least not in British Caribbean. In 1748, slaves cost â‚ ¬32 in the British Caribbean whereas they only cost â‚ ¬14 on the West African coast. (Doc. 9) This indicates that the British Caribbean wanted to give the buyers a run for their money, whereas the African coast didn’t know better, this was all new to them. As the amount of slaves someone owned went up, so did the amount of sugar that was produced, unless you were the French in 1789, where they somehow actually lost tons. (Doc. 10) The British were probably more efficient in producing crops than the French and it resulted in them being the biggest sugar trader in the Caribbean. The need for slaves was so imperative that the British would trade thing that weren’t even theirs in order to make sure they had slaves. (Doc. 11) Campbell displays the variety of thing that the Brits would trade, such as powder, bullets, tobacco-pipes, certain toys, and some East India goods, but in the end, nothing was their own. The third force behind the sugar trade was the demand. Everywhere you looked, there were people using sugar for something. Whether it be tea, or rum, people had to have sugar. They would have a large barrel that weighed between 700 and 1200 pounds filled with sugar and people would go insane trying to get it. (Doc. 3) Parris illustrates this to us and Moseley says that the increasing demand for sugar exceeded all comparison with other articles, meaning sugar was the number one thing that Brits of the 1600s and 1700s wanted more than life itself. The UK, and most of the rest of the world, has used sugar to put in tea, which has made tea the most important nonalcoholic drink ever. (Doc. 4) Sugar was and is still a big deal, not only in England, but also in the US; ask ten people and see how many of them drink tea or coffee with sugar in it. By 1770, the population was well above eight million, and the consumption was up to 16.2 pounds. (Doc. 5) That basically says that all the Brits were drinking two pounds of sugar a year! They even set up a parliament that set up a trading system that said Brits made materials into finished goods, such as pots and pans, and then merchants would go and sell it at high prices in England and other  countries, which meant more money came in than went out. (Doc. 12) This meant that they could use the money that came in to buy more sugar or slaves to make sugar. Although there were many forces driving the sugar trade, what mainly drove it were the ideal land masses for sugar production, the amount of slaves needed, and the demand for it. One beneficial factor to this DBQ would have been more information on the French because it’s know that they were also planting and growing sugar, but we don’t hear their success story, as they did pass Britain in the top sugar producer in 1740.

Cadbury Competitor Analysis

Cadbury Competitor Analysis INTRODUCTION: Cadbury Dairy Milk is a brand of drain chocolate right now fabricated by Cadbury, aside from in the United States where it is made by MondelÄâ€Å"z International. It was presented in the United Kingdom in 1905 and now comprises of various items. Each item in the Dairy Milk line is made with solely drain chocolate. It is offering around the world. The slogan is Free the Joy. Dairy Milk is 23 percent cocoa solids. A number of the more up to date Dairy Milk assortments are presently fabricated in France. Dairy Milk itself is likewise made in France and these items are sold in the UK. In June 1905 in England, Cadbury made its first Dairy Milk bar, with a higher extent of drain than past chocolate bars, and it turned into the organizations smash hit item by 1914.George Cadbury Junior, in charge of the advancement of the bar, has said A wide range of names were proposed: Highland Milk, Jersey and Dairy Maid. Be that as it may, when a clients little girl recommended Dairy Milk, the name stuck. Fruit and Nut was presented as a major aspect of the Dairy Milk line in 1928, soon took after by Whole Nut in 1933. By this point, Cadburys was the brand pioneer in the United Kingdom. In 1928, Cadburys presented the glass and a half trademark to go with the Dairy Milk bar, to promote the bars higher drain content. Cadbury has constantly attempted to keep a solid relationship with drain, with trademarks, for example, a glass and a half of full cream drain in each half pound and promotions that element a glass of drain spilling out and framing the bar. In 2004, Cadbury began a progression of TV promotions in the United Kingdom and Ireland highlighting a human and a creature (speaking to the humans bliss) debating whether to eat one of a scope of included bars. CADBURY COMPANY RESOURCES: Worldwide sustenance producer Kraft Foods burned through $207.3 million on Cadburys New Zealand operations as a major aspect of its  £11.9 billion takeover of the chocolate creator in 2010, money related explanations appear. The Cadbury resources commanded income for Krafts New Zealand holding organization, Kraft Foods Investments (NZ), which detailed a benefit of $3.5 million in logbook year 2011, the primary outcome for the amalgamated element. Income of $316.6 million thinks about to Cadburys 2010 offers of $274.1 million. New Zealand deals a year ago made up around 1.4% of Krafts $US15.82 billion income in creating markets, which incorporates the Asia Pacific district. Kraft says expanded territorial deals originated from higher estimating over the locale, the Cadbury procurement and more good trade rates. The money thought esteemed Cadburys goodwill at $43.8 million, as indicated by the monetary explanations. Krafts New Zealand unit had $87.6 million in share capital as at December 31. The New Zealand unit spent a further $1.1 million on the Cadbury rebuilding activity to lay off around 145 staff and present mechanized assembling frameworks. The move was reported in August 2008 and is required to be finished for the current year. Rebuilding has fetched Kraft and Cadbury an aggregate $25.3 million in the course of recent years, as per their announcements. The worldwide business referred to the Cadbury takeover as an explanation behind expanded income no matter how you look at it in its 2010 and 2011 money related years, and it supported first-quarter deals 4.1% to $US13.1 billion in the initial three months of this current year. A month ago, Kraft quit its New York Stock Exchange posting for the Nasdaq in an offer to cut expenses. That comes in front of its arranged demerger, where it will turn out and independently list its North American basic supply business, which will keep the Kraft name, while the worldwide nibble nourishments business will work under Mondelez International. Krafts shares rose 0.8% to $US39.21 in exchanging New York on Monday, esteeming the organization at $US69.52 billion. CADBURY TANGILE RESOURCES:- COMPTITORS OF CADBURY:the main competitors of Cadbury are mars and Nestle, Hershey. MARS: Mars is a conspicuous name, however as a privately owned business, it hasnt been one financial specialist can get behind. In 2014, Mars had a piece of the pie of 29.5% in the United States for the chocolate showcase. Some of its best-known brands are MMs, Snickers, Starburst, Twix and Skittles. Mars was the seventh-biggest privately owned business in America in 2014, with offers of $33 billion. The organization contends in six sections: chocolate, pet care, nourishment, Wrigleys (gum), drinks and symbioscience. Alongside contending with Mars for the chocolate piece of the overall industry, Cadbury now goes up against the monster for partake in the worldwide gum showcase on account of Mars procurement of Wrigleys in 2008. Mars $23 billion procurement gave it control of brands, for example, Extra, Orbit and Eclipse, which delivered offers of $5.4 billion preceding the deal. Cadbury has gum marks that incorporate Dentyne, Stride and Trident. Both organizations have solid piece of the overall industry in a gum market that has seen deals decrease. https://www.google.co.nz/search?q=mars+chocolate+companyespv=2site=webhpsource=lnmstbm=ischsa=Xsqi=2ved=0ahUKEwjxzpaJ7OvSAhWCwbwKHRRRBHUQ_AUIBigBbiw=1366bih=662#imgrc=x3_VqJg0MLa7VM: Nestle: Nestle is the biggest nourishment organization on the planet, covering various subsectors of the market. The organizations chocolate market is one of its littlest, however it was adequate for a 5.8% piece of the pie in the U.S. Settle has developed through numerous acquisitions that have given it control of brands that incorporate Kit Kat, Smartys and Gerber infant nourishment. Settles sweet shop fragment was its 6th biggest in 2014. With offers of $9.7 billion comprehensively, Nestle held the number three piece of the pie position. Offers of the organizations chocolate items totalled $7 billion, including $4 billion from the Americas. Like its arrangement with Cadbury, Hersheys additionally licenses a few brands from Nestle for U.S. conveyance rights. This incorporates Kit Kat and Rollo, two Nestle brands. HOW CADBURY MADE IN FACTORY: two primary items are Cadbury Dairy Milk chocolate and Cadbury Old Gold dim chocolate. The exceptional taste and surface of Cadbury chocolate depends on long conventions of skill in chocolate formula and preparing techniques remarkable to Cadbury. Methods are enhancing constantly and new innovation empowers the procedure to be very tuned to buyers advancing tastes and inclinations. Chocolate generation is an exceptionally advanced, PC controlled process, with a significant part of the new pro hardware being delivered to our own plan and particular. https://www.cadbury.com.au/about-chocolate/chocolate-making.aspx CADBURY MAIN PLANT: well Dunedlin industrial facility is the biggest chocolate producing plant in New Zealand. It supplies completed items for the local markets in New Zealand and Australia and, also, sends out chocolate morsel to Cadbury completing plants in Australia, Pakistan and China. For instance of the potential in developing markets, Cadbury Schweppes piece of the pie for chocolate in the Indian market has expanded from 18% in 2002 to more than 75% in 2006. Despite the fact that these business sectors speak to just a little piece of the entire gathering deals (around 20%) they have been distinguished as having the best potential. Dunedin in New Zealand was picked by Cadbury in light of its phenomenal framework and an abundant supply of rich drain for chocolate creation. Chocolate morsel is an item that is sought after internationally as the utilization of chocolate per capita overall increments to record levels. https://www.google.co.nz/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instantion=1espv=2ie=UTF-8#q=what+machines+do+cadbury+use+in+nz* INTENGIBLE RESOURCEES:- CULTURE OF CADBURY: Corporate culture of the association is the thing that the firm says its way of life is, for instance its statement of purpose; while hierarchical culture is what is truly occurring in the firm, and the way things are really done. The idea of authoritative culture is presently more broadly acknowledged that it was in the eighties when the majority of the writing characterizing society and examining how it creates were developed. It is to a great degree hard to build an exhaustive meaning of hierarchical culture, in spite of the fact that Hatch (2006) characterized it as a lifestyle in an association, it can be considered as the magic that binds an association through a sharing of examples of significance. The way of life concentrates on the qualities, convictions and desires that individuals from the association come to share (Siehl and Martin 1984). Distinctive definitions may point at various parts of the association however they share a couple of things in like manner, for example, the conduct of individuals in the association and what they share as aftereffect of working in the association. The idea of hierarchical culture can be broke down utilizing an assortment of models. In this paper, Edgar Scheins hierarchical culture model is utilized to direct a social examination of Cadbury and Lewins administration change model will be utilized to break down the social change after Krafts takeover. Our discoveries depend on different research strategies including books, inquire about papers, online articles and recordings, perceptions and conversing with individuals at the firm. Cadbury is a British-based driving worldwide ice cream parlor organization. It has been a privately-run company since John Cadbury made it in 1824 until Kraft an American nourishment goliath, assumed control in 2010. The Cadbury familys Quaker convictions are what roused the offering of tea, espresso and cocoa as contrasting options to liquor. Cadbury have long and soli d social values that were started from the authors Quaker convictions of advancing human uniformities and judges. Along these lines, it is fascinating to study how that unique qualities have stood the trial of time. Examination OF CADBURY S CULTURE Edgar Scheins model of authoritative culture is a standout amongst the most compelling hypotheses of hierarchical culture, which started in the eighties. As indicated by Scheins model, hierarchical culture comprises of three particular levels which are the essential presumptions, qualities and convictions and antiques. CADBURY REPUTATION IN MARKET:-their notoriety with slips this way, on top of the 2009 family piece estimate decrease, which they somewhat threw in the towel from in 2013 after a shopper kickback, or the as of late reported Crà ¨me Egg formula change. Expelling Dairy Milk drain chocolate from the Crà ¨me Egg formula is another case of individuals having something taken off them, said Wilcox. The main champ will be Whittakers. Whittakers have supplanted Cadbury as the quintessential Kiwi mark. Each time Cadbury lurches, Whittakers win. Whittakers as of late confronted a similar choice and chose to build the cost of their chocolate pieces as opposed to decrease the size. Their believe Whittakers have settled on preferred choices over Cadbury for no less than 10 years, said Wilcox. Theyre a decent case of how to do things right. CADBURY SUPPLY CHAIN: key store network systems, and change and modernisation ventures in progress, while underlining the significance of joint effort amongst retailers and providers. Their motivation is to interface providers to stores, securely and proficiently, to meet their client needs, productive, and ready to contend now and later on. Give likewise took the gathering through the Supply Chain Partnership Framework, concentrating on stock accessibility, value-based effectiveness, course to-market choices, and shared stock administration. There was a solid concentrate on security, and Vaughn called attention to extra staff preparing is being given to guarantee representatives go home safe consistently. Talking in the interest of Foodstuffs South Island, Mullins said there had been fruitful exchanging comes about alongside the many difficulties related with a store network in a seismic tremor inclined area. Their -manufactured flexibility has seen us get by through yet another tro ublesome period bringing about an extremely tasteful move upwards in our piece of the pie, Mullins stated, discussing the current Kaikoura shake. In the interim, the co-agent keeps on putting resources into new vital openings, for example, West Melton, Christchurch and Queenstown. The move brought about huge volume and esteem development, which represented a couple of additional difficulties for the security of supply. To diminish item taking care of and improve benefit conveyance, the organization has put intensely in new streamlined frameworks. Transport Management is a centre concentration for them theyre about enhancing transport deceivability and understanding where they provisions are to guarantee we keep on meeting client desires. http://supermarketnews.co.nz/foodstuffs-takes-stock-of-its-supply-chain/ ORGNIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF CADBURY:-Cadbury Organization depends on an equitable. Administration style choices are made therefore of a discussion procedure including different individuals from the association (Cadbury). Cadbury Schweppes likewise have two distinct structures. The structure that they use for their directorate has been re-intended to illuminate responsibility and empower swifter expression making. (Quote taken from www.cadburyschweppes.com). Taking a gander at the enhanced association structure it is clear to see who is responsible for which divisions inside the business. (123Helpme, 2012) Taking a gander at Cadburys it is clear to see that the organization, after some time, has conveyed the measure of: Workforce it representatives and supplanted them with more proficient machines. Outsourcing zones of the organization like upkeep and statistical surveying. Representatives are presently multi-talented, along these lines ready to work in more than one region of the busi ness. The organization has expanded its generation and gainfulness or the rebuilding. The Cadbury production lines all work autonomously and the organization as an opening is decentralized as every manufacturing plant utilizes the assets (E.g. drain) of the nation they are in. (123Helpme, 2011) CADBURY HUMAN RESOURCE: Human Resource Management (HRM) has been through a considerable measure of changes the extent that administration of individuals is concerned. Individuals or representatives are frequently seen in three ways: cost, asset, and resource. Additionally, associations these days understand that workers are likewise a determinant variable to the execution of the association. Alongside the many changes in the business condition: new innovation, work enactment, monetary subsidence, society; Strategic changes: more prominent client centres, diminished levels of administration, reception of TQM and group working; customary HRM has likewise advanced. The need of an incorporated and sound way to deal with overseeing individuals brought forth Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM). MARKET STRETEGY OF CADBURY: Competitive analysis in the Marketing strategy of Cadbury The confectionaries business is much focused and is packed by nearby and national players. While Cadburys parent organization Modeless International is the world pioneer in Bars and chocolates for middle age wage amass, different players like Nestle, Ferrero Rocher , Perfett, Amul , Kraft nourishments and soon have item classifications and client aggregates in which they are represented considerable authority in. Because of high R D and change in organoleptic of drain, changing way of life of Asian markets, dietary patterns and so forth this industry will watch high development energy in the coming yearsMarket analysis in the Marketing technique of Cadbury Confectionaries business is continually developing and because of the changing utilization of drain and daily items, there is more and greater open door that is lying ahead in this industry. The market is administered by few organizations, for example, Cadbury, settle, Mars, Heinz, Perfecta van and so forth. Cadbury has a wide item portfolio in the chocolate fragment like dairy drain, Bourneville, Cadbury crunch, Éclairs and so forth because of which they can lead the market in this section however their other item classes like scones and cakes are enduring because of the restricted item portfolio. customer analysis in the Marketing methodology of Cadbury Customers of Cadbury are from all portions and individuals from all age bunch devour chocolates, scones and refreshments however it is the developing centre salary gather and also the youths who shape the real purchaser fragment. CADBURY NEW PRODUTS: Cadbury Dairy Milk has launches new tablet mixture, which is set to offer purchasers another, energizing various taste understanding. Cadbury Dairy Milk Medley consolidates obvious incorporations with a delicate chocolate focus, wrapped in Cadbury Dairy Milk chocolate. It will be accessible in two 93g tablets the first with dim chocolate chips, scone and fudge pieces; and the second with dull chocolate chips, caramelized hazelnuts and raspberry with a suggested retail cost of  £1.49. It is likewise accessible in  £1 cost checked packs. The new nibble will plan to support incremental development in little tablets, Cadbury stated, especially among ladies matured in the vicinity of 25 and 44 who are searching for something uncommon for a night treat. http://www.foodbev.com/news/cadbury-dairy-milk-launches-new-medley-bar-as-evening-treat/ Moreover Cadbury as launched three new, colossal Dairy Milk bars loaded down with favour new flavours. Energizing chocolate news section one the flavours are Oreo Crunch, Toffee Whole Nut and Triple Choc Sensation. Energizing chocolate news sections two the bars are an incredible 300g each. Only for correlation, their exemplary Dairy Milk is 45g, while the greater bars are generally 200g. The bars are called Cadbury Dairy Milk Big Taste since, well, theyre huge. CADBURY PERFORMANCE IN MARKET: Cad bury Schweppes, the worlds biggest sweet organization, today revealed a 1% ascend in 2004 benefits, supported by a solid execution in key markets including the US. The organization, whose items incorporate Dairy Milk chocolate, Trident gum and Dr Pepper drinks, made fundamental per-charge benefits of  £933m, generally in accordance with experts conjectures of among st  £927m and  £953m. Cad bury said its basic 2004 deals had ascended by 4%, with working net revenues expanding by 0.5%. 2004 was a decent year for Cadbury Schweppes, with brilliant advance in key markets, especially the US, the CEO, Todd Sitter, said. We effectively fabricated deals energy in drinks and candy parlour while incorporating Adams [the sweet shop business procured by Cadburys in 2002] and executing real cost diminishment programs. Cadbury said its US fizzy beverages business had appreciated an effective year, on account of solid interest for beverages, for example, Dr Pepper and eating routine brands, despite the fact that it cautioned that maintaining these exceptional development rates would challenge. The gathering announced that 2004 had not been a simple year for its European beverages business, however said it was starting to see the consequence of changes including an enhanced inventory network. While the outer business condition stays focused, we are sure that we have the system, brands and individuals to convey inside our objective ranges in 2005, Mr Stitzer said. Cadbury partakes in which have ascended on theory that it could draw in a takeover offer said it expected to stay as an autonomous organization. As they have trust they can develop as an autonomous organization, and that is the goal of their self and the board. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2005/feb/23/cadburyschweppesbusiness PART TWO:- POTER FIVE FORCES (LEVEL OF COMPITITIN) Five Forces model of Porter is a system apparatus that is utilized to make an examination of the engaging quality of an industry structure. The Competitive Forces examination is made by the recognizable proof of 5 key aggressive strengths: INDUSTRY RIVERLY :- Numerous organizations are going up against Cadbury and wanting to assume control over the matchless quality the organization has for quite a while. A few contenders are persistently building up their items and advancing thoughts to make contending considerably harder. Organizations, for example, Nestle, Hersheys, Ferrero and so on are Cadburys fundamental adversaries since they are additionally since a long time ago settled confectionary brands and like Cadbury are growing new scopes of items new advancements. Competition will dependably be solid among these organizations since they offer from similar sorts of stores and there items are comparable in a few regards. ENTRY OF COMPITITORS:- The section of contenders will be troublesome on the grounds that there are as of now entrenched organizations inside this market these incorporate, damages, settle, Ferrero, Kraft, Hersheys and Lindt. These organizations overwhelm the confectionary advertise with their own specific sorts of chocolates. This makes the boundary for section hard for another new organization to begin Cadburys rivals have the ability to pull in and impact the clients by more alluring substitute, costs and advertising strategies. THREAT OF SUBSITITUTE:- The primary danger of substitutes which Cadburys and whatever other confectionary brand is the grocery store possess brands this is on the grounds that they watch out for copycat well known chocolates for instance settle Kit Kat and give their own particular image on the racks at a less expensive cost. Besides, the main deterrent that may influence the creation of Cadbury is to locate a decent area and accumulate the prerequisites for the smooth passage and the remote arrangement that may influence its operation. BARGNING POWER OF BUYERS:- For Cadburys they have a substantial purchasing force being one of the biggest confectionary makers on the planet, however this might be undermined because of the June 2006 review of chocolate bars which contained salmonella this has been said to influence Cadburys and ought to lose some of their purchasing power. However Cadburys purchasers are scattered all around the globe and they are in billions. The cost subjectivity of the items is not a question for the general population but rather the expanding number of contenders that offers a similar sort of items at a lower cost may be the reason for client steadfastness adjustment. Hence Cadbury must be exceptionally precautious in choosing about costs and keep the clients fulfilled. BARGNING POWER OF SUPPLEIRS:- Cadbury prides itself on making and keeping up positive associations with its providers everywhere throughout the world. It has an extensive buying power and the providers of farming wares offer an item that is a long way from extraordinary and henceforth Cadbury has higher haggling power than its providers as the business depends intensely on a complex agro business store network. In spite of the fact that there is a current rivalry, crude materials like nuts, drain, cocoa or exceptional fixings are sufficiently adequate to fulfill Cadburys generation. Cadburys have the primary control over its providers since they are so vast organizations providing them require their business so Cadburys can utilize economies of scale and purchase there crude materials for less expensive and more in mass than a medium measured business could. https://www.google.co.nz/search?q=what+is+industry+rivalry+in+cadburyespv=2site=webhpsource=lnmssa=Xved=0ahUKEwjirNiy4uvSAhXKJpQKHYlzBCgQ_AUIBygAbiw=1366bih=662dpr=1 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY:- Technology elements that will influence the brand are the web as the item will be advanced utilizing web promoting. The automated assembling will likewise help in speedy creation. Economic components that will influence it are intrigue and expansion rates as it will influence generation, world financial development and current subsidence will likewise impact it. There will be likewise some natural components that will influence like vitality and condition and reusing of the plastic and different items like chocolate can be stuffed in totally recyclable bundle. Legal/Educational variables will likewise impact like view of individuals and what individuals consider the wealthier drain chocolates. ENVIORNMENTAL IMPACT: Cadbury has declared a 17-percent decrease in water utilization since 2006 by expanding its effectiveness underway, recuperation, collecting and reusing water. The organization detailed that by 2008 it met its objective of executing water diminishment programs at 100 percent of water rare locales as a component of its Purple Goes Green activity, propelled in 2007. Other key focuses under Cadburys natural activity incorporate a 50 percent lessening in its outright carbon outflows, a 10% decrease in standard item bundling, and a 25 percent focus for regular and blessing bundling. http://economics-on-cadbury.blogspot.co.nz/2013/10/economics-analysis-of-cadbury.html CONCLUSION: Cadbury has had much market control in the candy parlor industry everywhere throughout the world. Cadbury understands their prosperity depends fundamentally on the estimation of the Cadbury mark while depending on its phenomenal notoriety for their item quality and enhances, available, and reasonable cost. In the current monetary state, they are as yet confronting and need to deal with the issue of the shortage of cocoa and the cost increments in cocoa. Plus, they have to contend with other chocolate marks the same number of firms has entered uninhibitedly in the market. To remain a noteworthy player in the ice cream parlor industry, they should be compelling in the present market by presenting all the more new items and respond to the choices inside the market. REFERENCES: https://www.google.co.nz/search?q=mars+chocolate+companyespv=2site=webhpsource=lnmstbm=ischsa=Xsqi=2ved=0ahUKEwjxzpaJ7OvSAhWCwbwKHRRRBHUQ_AUIBigBbiw=1366bih=662#imgrc=x3_VqJg0MLa7VM: https://www.cadbury.com.au/about-chocolate/chocolate-making.aspx https://www.google.co.nz/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instantion=1espv=2ie=UTF-8#q=what+machines+do+cadbury+use+in+nz* http://supermarketnews.co.nz/foodstuffs-takes-stock-of-its-supply-chain/ https://www.google.co.nz/search?q=what+is+industry+rivalry+in+cadburyespv=2site=webhpsource=lnmssa=Xved=0ahUKEwjirNiy4uvSAhXKJpQKHYlzBCgQ_AUIBygAbiw=1366bih=662dpr=1 http://economics-on-cadbury.blogspot.co.nz/2013/10/economics-analysis-of-cadbury.html

How Arthur Miller Creates Tension in A View From The Bridge :: Arthur Miller

Show how Arthur Miller creates a tense atmosphere at the end of act one of ‘A View From The Bridge’ In the play ‘A View From The Bridge’ there are many ingredients that finish with the final dish at the end. Usually, when you know the ingredients to a dish, you could guess what it would taste like or look like. Basically, there are many pressure points in the play that lead to the final outcome, and that outcome is very obvious. The audience would not be surprised when they get to the end, many would see it coming from far. The play is set in New York, in the Red Hook neighborhood in the borough of Brooklyn, next to the docks. It’s a quiet simple community of Italian immigrants, who follow an unwritten respectful Italian law. The Italians keep to themselves pretty much as they feel as though they have been separated from their Italian roots. The ‘unwritten law’ requires for everyone to be respected, and it also encourages revenge, as it shows in the play. This Sicilian Code Of Conduct consists of honor, marriage, family well being, revenge hospitality, love, respect and strictly no snitching. The Sicilian Code Of Conduct shows all sorts of good things that also relate to the philosopher’s idea of a good and honest life. If Eddie could have stuck to this advice, and kept his feelings and anger to himself (which would have been impossible for Eddie), everything would have turned out better. Italy represents homeland, origin and culture for the citizens of Red Hook. But Italy represents different things to the main characters in the play, for example Catherine associates Italy with mystery, romance and beauty, but Rodolpho on the other hand is actually form Italy, and thinks it is a place with little opportunity, that he feels justified from escaping from. All of the characters appreciate the benefits of living in the US, but still strongly hold to Italian traditions. Italy is the basis of the cultural traditions in Red Hook, and it serves as a touchstone to unite the community, with their own laws and customs. The main areas of tension are when, Eddie gets frustrated when Rodolpho tells him lemons are green, Eddie is rude about Italian wives, Eddie tells Rodolpho that America is as strict as Italy, Catherine asks Rodolpho to dance, Eddie claims that Rodolpho is not a real man, Eddie punches Rodolpho, Rodolpho asks Catherine to dance and the last one is when Marco raises a chair over his head as warning.

Kurt Cobain :: essays research papers

Kurt Cobain The number one cause of death in teens is suicide? Looking back to one of the most commonly known and most devistating suicides, of Kurt Cobain lead singer of the former band Nirvana. In his time of music he had the world in his hands. He used personal turmoil as fuel for great music. Suprisingly, he seemed unusually tortured by success. The author of Come As You Are: The Story of Nirvana said, "He was a very bright, sweet, generous, and caring person, perhaps a little too sweet and sensitive for the business he was in." One of Cobain's biggest worries was that his band had sold out. In one line of a not-so-popular song he says, "I'd rather be dead than be cool." It seemed like the once unknown punkish Seattle band moved mainstream overnight. Nirvana caught on fast and changed rock and roll music forever. Nirvana, along with a few other Seattle bands, molded the music of the 90's, alternative. Where did it all start for Kurt? Kurt Donald Cobain was born February 20, 1967. He was a happy child living with his mother and father in Aberdeen, Washington. But the happiness, soon interrupted in 1975 when Kurt's parents got divorced. Kurt was ashamed. He longed for the typical "Brady Bunch" family, but instead he lived in a trailor with his mother. In result of this Cobain became extremely anti-social, he had few friends, and was beat up alot. On his 14th birthday Kurt recieved his first guitar. He had been writing poetry since he was 13, so he started using his poetry to write songs. He was in several bands throughout highschool, some of them were named Fecal Matter, Skid Row, Brown Cow, The Sellouts, and Pencap Chew. Around the time of Kurts senoir year he formed Nirvana with high school friend, Krist (Chris) Novoselic. A few drummers of their's fell through and then they found what kurt called "the worlds best drummer", Dave Grohl. His drumming style was exactly what nirvana needed. Two months before Kurt's high school graduation he dropped out. This move made his mother angry so she kicked him out of the house. He lived with friends, and for a time he even lived under a bridge of the Wishkah River in Aberdeen. A few years later, in June of '89, Nirvana's first album was released, entitled Bleach. They did short US tours and European tours to promote their album with bands such as Pearl Jam and Red Hot Chili Peppers.

Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays research papers

Nathaniel Hawthorne (July 4, 1804 – May 19, 1864) was a 19th century American novelist and short story writer. He was born in Salem, Massachusetts and died in Plymouth, New Hampshire. Hawthorne's father was a sea captain and descendant of John Hathorne, one of the judges who oversaw the Salem Witch Trials. Hawthorne's father died at sea in 1808, when Hawthorne was only four years old, and Nathaniel was raised secluded from the world by his mother. Hawthorne attended Bowdoin College in Maine from 1821–1824 where he became friends with Longfellow and future president Franklin Pierce. In 1842, he married illustrator and transcendentalist Sophia Peabody, and the two moved to The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts, where they lived for three years. Later they moved to The Wayside, previously a home of the Alcotts. Their neighbors in Concord included Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. Like Hawthorne, Sophia was a reclusive person. She was, in fact, bedridden with headaches until her sister introduced her to Hawthorne, after which her headaches seem to have abated. The Hawthornes enjoyed a long marriage, and Sophia was greatly enamored with her husband's work. In one of her journals, she writes: "I am always so dazzled and bewildered with the richness, the depth, the... jewels of beauty in his productions that I am always looking forward to a second reading where I can ponder and muse and fully take in the miraculous wealth of thoughts" (Jan 14th 1951, Journal of Sophia Hawthorne. Berg Collection NY Public Library). The two had three children: Una, Julian, and Rose. Una suffered from mental illness and died young. Julian moved out west and wrote a book about his father. Rose converted to Roman Catholicism and took her vows as a Dominican nun. She founded a religious order to care for victims of cancer. Hawthorne died on May 19, 1864 in Plymouth, N.H. on a trip to the mountains with his friend Franklin Pierce. Hawthorne is best-known today for his many short stories (he called them "tales") and his four major romances of 1850–60: The Scarlet Letter (1850), The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Blithedale Romance (1852), and The Marble Faun (1860). (Another book-length romance, Fanshawe, was published anonymously in 1828.) Before publishing his first collection of tales in 1837, Hawthorne wrote scores of short stories and sketches, publishing them anonymously or pseudonymously in periodicals such as The New-England Magazine and The United States Democratic Review.

Lessons Learned from the Three-Week Project Turn Around Essay

In the world of computers, Information Technology and Software Development people speak a different language. They might as well be talking ancient Latin and no one will care for when they use C++, VisualBasic and Java the rest of the population would sometimes feel out of this world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The team leaders and project managers who are leading this group of people must learn a different way of solving group conflicts and a host of business problems related to the digital world. One has to remember that though this special group is in some sort of manufacturing a product, they are by no means dealing with raw materials like wood, minerals, metals, and chemicals. They use something else and that is human resources called programmers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charlie Poole had the opportunity to work in this world and he found out soon that he must quickly adapt to the situation. His problem with a certain software development project was not unique to the software development company he is working for. He is feeling the pressure of seemingly insurmountable problems common to this business. In fact Poole and his team is already experiencing or about to experience a number of patterns or cycles a software development group usually encounters as described by Kent Beck in his book, Extreme Programming Explained and a few examples are listed below: Schedule slips – the day for delivery comes, and you have to tell the customer that the software won’t be ready for another six months. Project canceled – after numerous slips, the project is canceled without ever going into production. Defect rate – the software is put into production, but it doesn’t solve the business problem that was originally posed. False feature rich – the software has a host of potentially interesting features, all of which were fun to program, but none of which makes the customer much money. Staff turnover – after two years, all the good programmers on the project begin to hate the program   and leave.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Again, based on his journal/project report there is reason to believe that the dreaded scenarios mentioned by Beck is looming in the horizon of Poole and his team as evidenced by his writings:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In July 2001 I spent three weeks trying to turn a project around. The project had troubles:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   big requirements that said nothing, schedule slippages tat had already extended it to twice   Ã‚   it’s original estimate, no integrated version of the app we were developing [†¦] This was   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   far beyond my original commitment and I was planning to leave. At the same time, the    project manager was leaving, and a new one was not available for three weeks. (Poole)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The backdrop is set and before Poole could have reached the last level as desribed by Beck – leaving the company in frustration – the â€Å"turnaround master† Mr. Poole turned to the radical tenets of Extreme Programming (â€Å"XP†) for help.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The principles of XP can be found in an article written by Pradyumn Sharma, CEO of Pragati Software and he listed it as: Continuous Integration Small Releases Onsite Customer Planning Game Metaphor Simple Design Testing Refactoring Pair Programming Collective Ownership No overtime Coding Standards   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charlie Poole asserts that he only used four of the twelve XP principles namely, 1) Continuous integration; 2) Small Releases; 3)Onsite Customer; and 4) Planning Game. This does not really mater because the success of the team can be attributed not only in the use of XP methods but in the leadership skills of Poole.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consider the following steps he took, becoming a sort of a maverick in that company who like the others have certain traditions and a way of doing things.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order for the project to be completed in such a short time and with the odds not in their favor, the team and the leadership must follow an ancient truth which is the development of a â€Å"vision†. Before anything this â€Å"vision† must be first in place in the hearts and the minds of the all the members of the team including of course the leadership. A vision or a mental image of what must happen after a given time must be provided by the leader. According to Russ Finney this leader is called the professional system builder and he must in turn become a system visionary which according to Finney has the unenviable role of doing the following tasks:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   His or her willingness to share insight and understanding of a situation, and the necessary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   steps he or she envisions to arrive at a desired outcome, tend to be dependent on tow    factors: the level of confidence he or she has in the ideas, and his or her tolerance for scrutiny and criticism [†¦] With each passing phase of the project, he or she must constantly develop and communicate his or her vision of both the system functionality    and the project approach. (1999)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charlie Poole did not only provide vision and listened to his team mates but he also he team but he designed an ingenious way for building it and presenting it to them. Poole did not sit in one corner of th office and wrote his vision but instead proposed the use of â€Å"stories†. Again, he demonstrated his ability to be a maverick when the situation calls for it. This use of a story works wonders for the group because of the following reasons: Simplifying the abstract world of computer programming. A creative way of allowing the Customers who may not be technically proficient to join   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and contribute to the painting of a mental picture of what the project ought to be. It created a source of information from which the group can draw inspiration and also a tool to on seeing a bird’s eye view of the project that will aid in the latter stages of    integration.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Poole also did more than provide a vision, he also created an environment that minimized the emergence of conflicts between teams and team members. He probably got the idea from Ohlendorf’s work when he began to meet his team every Monday for breakfast. And instead of castigating his team for infractions he was willing to listen to what they have to say. The following statements explain why Poole was successful in this area. Amy Ohlendorf in her work entitled Conflict Resolution in Project Management asserts that learning how to actively listen will do wonders for an organization experiencing difficulty and she said:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Listening allows the conflict to take its natural course by giving individuals the    opportunity to disagree, express strong opinions, and show passion for ideas. A respect    for individual difference is demonstrated and an environment of understanding is   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   fostered. Listening is helpful in achieving a winning resolution by enabling an employee   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   to identify the criteria that is considered an acceptable outcome. As a result [†¦] trust and   Ã‚  Ã‚   a relationship bond will form preparing individuals to listen also to the needs of the   Ã‚   manager. (2000)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The only snag to the three week saga was when the company’s management step in to override what Poole was successfully been doing since he assumed the post – providing close proximity leadership. This way he was able to know how to make the thing work and all of a sudden management began dictating unrealistic deadlines that almost keeled the ship over. Lesson   learned from that fiasco: in times of crisis lead, don’t manage.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Based on his journal or project report, Charlie Poole did not elaborate if he went to a leadership school or if he had had previous training in a management institute. If he did not then it can be said that he demonstrated an uncanny ability to provide high-caliber leadership for a group in crisis mode where everything that is happening points to an inevitable collapse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Almost everything went according to his wishes – at least those that he can control – which are a testament to his leadership skills and the courage to do practice methodologies and techniques never done before. In other words he dared to do something different, for the simple reason that he was tasked to complete a job and there is no way it can be done using the normal route – the normal way of doing things around here sort of thing. And he was handsomely rewarded for his no guts no glory approach with a little help from sound leadership principles that he threw in to his bag of tricks. References Ohlendorf, Amy. (2000). â€Å"Conflict Resolution in Project Management.† University of Missouri –   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   St. Louis, Available: http://www.umsl.edu/~sauter   /analysis/488_f01_papers/Ohlendorf.htm[30 May 2006]. Finney, Russ. (1999). â€Å"Winning Project Teams†.   ItmWEB Media Corporation, Available:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.itmweb.com/essay003.htm [30 May 2006]. Beck, Kent. (2000). Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change. Boston, MA: Addison-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wesley. Poole, Charlie (2006, March 4) â€Å"Three Week Project Turnaround.† Cunningham & Cunnigham,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inc. Available: http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?ThreeWeekProjectTurnaround [30 May 2006].

Outline and Evaluate Social Psychological Theories of Aggression

Social Learning Theory Social Learning Theory is based on the fact that people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. Social learning theory explains human behaviour in terms of continuous mutual interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. Outline of research: Bobo Doll experiment The Bobo doll experiment was conducted by Bandura and studied patterns of behaviour associated with aggression. Bandura carried out this study to look at social learning, where people learn through imitation.He used children, because they generally have less social conditioning. Bandura wanted to expose children to adult models exhibiting either aggressive or nonaggressive behaviours. Then, in a new environment without the adult model, he wanted to observe whether or not the children imitate these adult model aggressive or nonaggressive behaviours. Evaluation of Research 1. Cause and effect can be established as it could be demonstrated that the model did have an effect on the child's resulting behavior because all variables other than the IV are being controlled. . Artificial as hitting a doll isn’t the same as hitting a person, as there is no evidence that young children intend to harm bobo in modeling experiments. 3. The bobo doll experiments are reliable as many other studies support the fact that children learn by imitating others. Outline of research: Family background of aggression Patterson’s study was conducted using interviews and questionnaires and comparing families with at least one highly aggressive child to other families. His findings suggested that a coercive home enviroment may cause aggressiveness.This is an enviroment which little affection is shown as they don’t use social reinforcement they use punishment and shouting and other aggressive tactics for behavioural control. Evaluation of Research: 1. Has high ecological Validity as it relates to real life situations. 2. the research is base d on long-term influences on aggression, which therefore shows that it’s more useful then studies which look at short term influences. 3. real life situations, not all variables can be controlled which could effect the behaviours which therefore means cause an effect are not conclusive.Overall Evaluation of the theory 1. It has a lot of support from laboratory experiments such as the Bobo doll series of studies. However it lacks ecological validity and this does reduce the theory’s ability to clarify real life aggression. 2. Real life research such as Patterson demonstrates that role models are important in the development of anti-social behaviour. Therefore theses studies support the SLT. 3. Lacks population validity as the key studies are done with children as the main participants so cannot be linked to older people. DeindividuationDeindividuated people are more likely to be aggressive because of a loss of individuality which leads to reduced self-restraint. Deindiv iuation is the loss of self awareness and sense of personal responsibility, people normally avoid acting in a aggressive manners partly as it’s seen as vulgar behaviour an as they are identifiable to society. However being anonymous in a crowd means reducing inner restraints and increasing behaviours that are usually inhibited, Studies such as Zimbardo have provided evidence that deindividuation can be an explanation for aggression.Outline research evidence: Zimbardo Zimbardo aimed to try and find if anonymity was a key factor in deindividuation. In an experiment very similar to Milgrams – he found that in his anonymous group they gave twice as many shocks as high control group even when told the learner was critical. He then concluded that anonymity was the reason for this and it lead to that groups added aggression. Evaluation of research 1. Could be said that neither study actually measures physical aggression as the participants do not physically harm each other. . Because it is not a real life situation participants may not behave in there natural and usual way, meaning it lacks ecological validity. 3. Does not show whether the uniform worn is important to behaving aggressively which raises questions as to whether it is another factor. Outline research evidence Football Hooliganism, which was where Marsh investigated the crowds of football fans to establish whether their high level of excitement and anonymity lead to deindividuation and aggression.From this experiment Marsh concluded that aggression is one of the norms of the group, as group membership is likely to lead to aggressive behaviour, however it can also be controlled aggression. Overall Evaluation of Evidence: 1. Because it is not a real life situation participants may not behave in there natural and usual way, meaning it lacks ecological validity 2. Deindividuation means one tends to abandon personal control. The results of the research could be taken to imply that deindividuatio n can increase conformity to certain social norms and its high levels of conformity to a group rather than itself, which leads to aggression. . Evidence shows that it does not always lead to aggression, which is a difficulty as its not always true. General Points All three have good supporting evidence and so they have reliability in explaining aggression. The theories all focus on social psychology and tend to underestimate and ignore the other possibilities for the aggression such as biological influences.References: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bobo_doll_experiment http://www. learning-theories. com/social-learning-theory-bandura. html http://psy. ex. ac. uk/~tpostmes/PDF/05deindividuation. pdf

The effects of technology on teenagers

The modern technological world is swiftly changing and advancing before our very eyes. Technology has become part of our every day lives with, mobile phones, laptops, iPods, Wi-Fi spots available nearly everywhere, mp3 players and an enormous array of gaming consoles – there is no avoiding it. Technology has fully developed into the 21st century and seems to have brought with it an unending list of potential detriments. These especially have negative effects on teenagers although it is argued that technology may have also provided a positive impact on today’s youth, for instance, an increase in social activity. I myself, being a teenager of the 21st century cannot even begin to fathom the capabilities of technology. The possibilities are literally endless, however if used without discretion it could also create a generation that solely relies on technology for satisfaction and happiness. The first main problem technology brings to teenagers is the Internet – a global network connecting millions of computers. Now you may be failing to see what the problem is in this description but the budding dangers of the Internet are extremely high and are all around even if they don’t seem obvious at first. Seeing as the Internet is a huge part of a teenager’s life because it provides so many positive opportunities, it isn’t hard to fall into the easy traps of the Internet. For example information such as pictures, projects, videos and documents can be sent with a click of a button; it primarily simplifies teenage life. So, where is the issue in this? The key issue is that whatever goes on the Internet can never truly be gone, even after it has been deleted. The moment that something is posted online, it falls into the hands of millions of strangers who can then download that photo or video, or save a copy of that post. My main point is that what goes on the Internet stays on the Internet and could most likely end up downloaded on someone’s computer. Recently, this issue has affected more and more teenagers. This is mainly because the youth of today are so used to using the Internet, it has become a part of their life but so many are unaware of how to stay safe online. In addition to potentially putting yourself in danger at the click of a button, technology can also take a toll on your behaviour. As teenagers we are still discovering ourselves and establishing our identities. The majority of us have a strong desire for acceptance in society and the images that are available for teenagers to see on the Internet or on television have a strong effect on the process of becoming who we are. These images often stimulate the ideals of the perfect body or how you should behave, especially for young girls. In one study, 69% of girls said that models they see on television fix their idea of what a perfect body shape is. With this much influence from technology it isn’t surprising that eating disorders have grown 400% since 1970. Girls as young as eight years old are becoming conscious of their weight because of these ideals that are set by the world of technology. As upsetting as these statistics are, it does reflect life for young people in the 21st century. Most teenagers can say they have been influenced by the images they see online but the real problem that technology brings is that nowadays, more often than not; these influences are being taken to extremities. Most importantly, technology can be affecting our health. During the past 20 years, obesity in young people has risen drastically and the main contributor is technology. Today, teenagers spend a lot more time in front of the television, or playing video games or using computers. Technology has become a constant companion, completely replacing the idea of active play. More than 40 studies have proven that technology contributes to an inactive lifestyle and weight gain in teenagers. Therefore, this issue is also a reflection of teenage life nowadays as child obesity has become a social epidemic Overall, technology is the perfect example of what life is like in the UK in the 21st century. It is the one thing that has developed the most throughout the years; almost to an extent where people rely on it so much they cannot live without it. It is certainly a huge aspect of young people’s lives as a recent survey showed that 93% of all teenagers aged 12-17 uses the Internet or emails. The worrying statistic is that 58% of teens don’t believe that posting photos or other personal information on social networking sites is unsafe. Things like this are an even bigger aspect of teenage life and unfortunately also reflects life in the 21st century as teenagers are becoming increasingly active online and are at a high risk of falling into the trap of online predators. Nevertheless, I am not completely against technology. I am part of that 93% of teenagers and of course it does have its benefits too, such as educating us, making life easier and simply for its entertainment and social capabilities.

Health Promotion in Nursing Practice Essay

Health promotion is defined by the world health organization as the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions. The purpose of health promotion is to empower people to improve their health and delay disease, disability, and death. The nurses plays an important role in health-promoting activities which include educating people in making important life changing decision such as healthy eating, stress management, adequate physical activity, adequate sleep and not smoking. Achieving optimal health is not the sole responsibility of the individual the government are also involved in health promotion by creating safe environment free of pollution, safe drinkable water, provide vaccines for preventable diseases. Health differences can be reduced by providing culturally relevant health information, programs, and services, creating public policy that promotes health, improving access to health care and providing other opportunities for making healthy choices. Primary prevention is the prevention of diseases and conditions before their biological onset. This can be achieve in many ways, such as educating individuals to decrease risk taking behaviors, preventing environmental exposures, environmental health measures, such as maintaining a safe water and food supply. Educating individuals on sex educations such as promoting the use of condoms, abstinence before marriage, avoiding multiple sex partners will prevent sexual transmitted diseases such as HIV, and also reduce the risk of cervical cancer in women. Education in healthy eating habit and increase in physical activity will reduce obesity and prevent some diseases associated with obesity such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, heart related conditions etc. Vaccines are good examples of primary prevention measures, many diseases today have been prevented with the use of vaccines. Good example of secondary prevention in the hospital settings is offering of flu vaccine and pneumonia vaccine to all discharged patient who meets the criteria. Education on the use of seat belt will reduce the degree of automobile injuries. Secondary prevention is the process of identifying the presence of disease in the body at an early stage when it has not advanced to the point of causing any signs, symptoms or disability . These preclinical conditions are most often discovered by disease screening. Screenings such as routine mammograms, Pap smear, colonoscopy, PSA, prevents disease emergence and this usually leads prevention of serious complications. Secondary preventions also includes routine blood works to check for cholesterol level, prescreening for hypertension, screening for high blood-lead level for people who work in environment with lead exposure. Nurses should promote secondary prevention in our area of work, in the communities; they should emphasis on the importance of health screenings to the clients in their area of profession. The government should also provide funds for secondary prevention by providing resources for free screening in public places like the school, church, hospitals, town hall etc. With secondary prevention there will be delay in disease progression, disability and death. Tertiary prevention is the prevention of disease progression and complication after it has been clinically diagnosed. This includes the rehabilitation and management of the disease , example of tertiary prevention is the routine screening for and management of diabetic associated conditions in a diabetic patient such as renal ,eye, and foot problems. Eliminating offending allergens from asthmatic patients. Preventing reoccurrence of myocardial infarction with blood thinners such as aspirin, Plavix etc. The use of physical therapist and occupational therapist to regain physical function in a stroke patient. Nurses in their different area of nursing plays important roles in health promotion, it could be by primary prevention, secondary prevention, or tertiary prevention. When a patient is admitted in the hospital it is the duty of the nurses to educate the patient and the family on the tertiary prevention level on how to manage his disease such as to comply with ordered medication, diet modifications, smoking cessation etc. Educational handouts with specific teaching on disease prevention and management should be given to patient upon discharge.In conclusion primary prevention is the most important preventive measure in health promotion, while secondary prevention is very vital in health promotion as with this preventive measure there is a high chance of a positive outcome. Also tertiary prevention is also very important as it minimizes complication and delay death. References Robert, R. B. (2002). Encyclopedia of Public Health.Retrieved on January 13, 2013 from GCU Library.Retrieved on January 13, 2013 from www.who.int/topics/health_promotion.